abstract：:Petunia flower colour is dependent on vacuolar pH and is therefore used to study acidification mechanisms. Recently, it was shown that the concerted action of two tonoplast-localised P3-ATPases is required to hyperacidify vacuoles of petunia petal epidermis cells. Here we discuss how steep cross-tonoplast pH gradients...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Eisenach C,Baetz U,Martinoia E

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climatic extremes threaten agricultural sustainability worldwide. One approach to increase plant water-use efficiency (WUE) is to introduce crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) into C3 crops. Such a task requires comprehensive systems-level understanding of the enzymatic and regulatory pathways underpinning this tempora...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Borland AM,Hartwell J,Weston DJ,Schlauch KA,Tschaplinski TJ,Tuskan GA,Yang X,Cushman JC

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:microRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding regulatory genes that perform important roles in plant development and physiology. With the increasing power of next generation sequencing technologies and the development of bioinformatic tools, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of studies surveying the miRNAomes ...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Taylor RS,Tarver JE,Hiscock SJ,Donoghue PC

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biomineralization is widespread in the plant kingdom. The most common types of biominerals in plants are calcium oxalate crystals, calcium carbonate, and silica. Functions of biominerals may depend on their shape, size, abundance, placement, and chemical composition. In this review we highlight advances in understandi...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： He H,Veneklaas EJ,Kuo J,Lambers H

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CURT1 proteins induce membrane curvature to grana margins in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) thylakoids. A domain sharing sequence and structural features with CURT1 is found in some cyanobacterial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) that show an unusual localization to the thylakoid membranes. Evolutionary scenario...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Luque I,Ochoa de Alda JA

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants emit a diverse array of phytogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The production and emission of VOCs has been an important area of research for decades. However, recent research has revealed the importance of VOC catabolism by plants and VOC degradation in the atmosphere for plant growth and survival. Spec...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Oikawa PY,Lerdau MT

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, we examine two new trait-based models of community assembly that predict the relative abundance of species from a regional species pool. The models use fundamentally different mathematical approaches and the predictions can differ considerably. Maxent obtains the most even probability distribution subj...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Laughlin DC,Laughlin DE

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two recent reports by Maekawa et al. and Narusaka et al. demonstrated the transfer of a nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family of immune receptors into evolutionarily diverged plants without causing adverse fitness consequences. The applications of NLRs in engineering durable and broad-spectrum...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Mukhtar MS

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose that symbiotically modified organisms (SMOs) should be taken into account in sustainable agriculture. In this opinion article, we present the results of a meta-analysis of the literature, with a particular focus on the potential of SMOs in forage and turf grass production, to determine the impact of endophy...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Gundel PE,Pérez LI,Helander M,Saikkonen K

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants employ multiple layers of innate immunity to fight pathogens. For both RNA and DNA viruses, RNA silencing plays a critical role in plant resistance. To escape this antiviral silencing-based immune response, viruses have evolved various counterdefense strategies, the most widespread being production of viral sup...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Incarbone M,Dunoyer P

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:European Union (EU) agricultural policy has been developed in the pursuit of laudable goals such as a competitive economy and regulatory harmony across the union. However, what has emerged is a fragmented, contradictory, and unworkable legislative framework that threatens economic disaster. In this review, we present ...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Masip G,Sabalza M,Pérez-Massot E,Banakar R,Cebrian D,Twyman RM,Capell T,Albajes R,Christou P

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Photosynthetic processes, including light capture, electron transfer, and energy conversion, are not only ensured by the activities of individual photosynthetic complexes but also substantially determined and regulated by the composition and assembly of the overall photosynthetic apparatus at the supramolecular level....

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Liu LN,Scheuring S

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a misconception among plant scientists that osmosis is driven by the tendency of solutes to dilute water. In this opinion article, we discuss the quantitative and qualitative failures of this view, and go on to review the correct kinetic picture of osmosis as it appears in physics textbooks. ...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Kramer EM,Myers DR

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tree biomass influences biogeochemical cycles, climate, and biodiversity across local to global scales. Understanding the environmental control of tree biomass demands consideration of the drivers of individual tree growth over their lifespan. This can be achieved by studies of tree growth in permanent sample plots (p...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Bowman DM,Brienen RJ,Gloor E,Phillips OL,Prior LD

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The need for plant image analysis tools is established and has led to a steadily expanding literature and set of software tools. This is encouraging, but raises a question: how does a plant scientist with no detailed knowledge or experience of image analysis methods choose the right tool(s) for the task at hand, or sa...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Pridmore TP,French AP,Pound MP

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed and fruit set are established during and soon after fertilization and determine seed and fruit number, their final size and, hence, yield potential. These processes are highly sensitive to biotic and abiotic stresses, which often lead to seed and fruit abortion. Here, we review the regulation of assimilate partit...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Ruan YL,Patrick JW,Bouzayen M,Osorio S,Fernie AR

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of phytohormones that regulate various biological processes in plants. Interactions and crosstalk between BRs and other plant hormones control a broad spectrum of physiological and developmental processes. In this review, we examine recent findings which indicate that BR signaling co...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Choudhary SP,Yu JQ,Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K,Shinozaki K,Tran LS

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transition to flowering is a major developmental switch in the life cycle of plants. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), chromatin mechanisms play critical roles in flowering-time regulation through the expression control of key flowering-regulatory genes. Various conserved chromatin modifiers, plant-specific f...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： He Y

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants need to acquire nitrogen (N) efficiently from the soil for growth. Nitrate is one of the major N sources for higher plants. Therefore, nitrate uptake and allocation are key factors in efficient N utilization. Membrane-bound transporters are required for nitrate uptake from the soil and for the inter- and intrac...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Wang YY,Hsu PK,Tsay YF

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) is a central metabolite involved in numerous anabolic and catabolic pathways, as well as in protein acetylation. Beyond histones, a large number of metabolic enzymes are acetylated in both animal and bacteria, and the protein acetylome is now emerging in plants. Protein acetylation is influence...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Xing S,Poirier Y

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent years have witnessed the genomic decoding of a wide range of photosynthetic organisms from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the complex genomes of important crop species to single-celled marine phytoplankton. The comparative sequencing of green, red and brown algae has provided considerable insight into...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Fernie AR,Obata T,Allen AE,Araújo WL,Bowler C

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been a long-standing hypothesis that specialist and generalist insects interact with plants in distinct ways. Although many tests exist, they typically compare only one species of each, they sometimes confound specialization and feeding guild, and often do not link chemical or transcriptional measures of the...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Ali JG,Agrawal AA

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of land plants approximately 470 million years ago created a new adaptive zone for natural enemies (attackers) of plants. In response to attack, plants evolved highly effective, inducible defense systems. Two plant hormones modulating inducible defenses are salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). Cur...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Thaler JS,Humphrey PT,Whiteman NK

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) as gene regulators has led to a paradigm shift in the understanding of post-transcriptional gene regulation in plants and animals. miRNAs have emerged as master regulators of plant growth and development. Evidence suggesting that miRNAs play a role in plant stress responses arises f...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Sunkar R,Li YF,Jagadeeswaran G

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) proteins, also known as SHAGGY-like kinases, have many important cell signalling roles in animals, fungi and amoebae. In particular, GSK3s participate in key developmental signalling pathways and also regulate the cytoskeleton. GSK3-encoding genes are also present in all land plants a...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Saidi Y,Hearn TJ,Coates JC

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Micronutrient deficiencies are responsible for so-called 'hidden undernutrition'. In particular, iron (Fe) deficiency adversely affects growth, immune function and can cause anaemia. However, supplementation of iron can exacerbate infectious diseases and current policies of iron therapy carefully evaluate the risks an...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Murgia I,Arosio P,Tarantino D,Soave C

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro shoot organogenesis and plant regeneration are crucial for both plant biotechnology and the fundamental study of plant biology. Although the importance of auxin and cytokinin has been known for more than six decades, the underlying molecular mechanisms of their function have only been revealed recently. Advan...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Duclercq J,Sangwan-Norreel B,Catterou M,Sangwan RS

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A limiting factor for photosynthetic organisms is their light-harvesting efficiency, that is the efficiency of their conversion of light energy to chemical energy. Small modifications or variations of chlorophylls allow photosynthetic organisms to harvest sunlight at different wavelengths. Oxygenic photosynthetic orga...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Chen M,Blankenship RE

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The infection and replication of viruses in the host induce diverse mechanisms for combating viral infection. One of the best-studied antiviral defence mechanisms is based on RNA silencing. Consistently, several viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) have been identified from almost all plant virus genera, which ar...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Burgyán J,Havelda Z

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Any given pathogenic microbial species typically colonizes a limited number of plant species. Plant species outside of this host range mount nonhost disease resistance to attempted colonization by the, in this case, non-adapted pathogen. The underlying mechanism of nonhost immunity and host immunity involves the same ...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Schulze-Lefert P,Panstruga R

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plant-specific LBD (Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain) gene family is essential in the regulation of plant lateral organ development and is involved in the regulation of anthocyanin and nitrogen metabolism. LBD proteins contain a characteristic LOB domain composed of a C-motif required for DNA-binding, a conserved g...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Majer C,Hochholdinger F

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The secretory pathway encloses functionally interlinked organelles for the synthesis and deposition of most of the building blocks of eukaryotic cells, such as lipids, proteins and sugars. The coat protein complex II (COPII) is a specialized protein complex for the transport between secretory organelles, specifically ...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Marti L,Fornaciari S,Renna L,Stefano G,Brandizzi F

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several soil-borne microbes such as mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can help plants to deal with biotic and abiotic stresses via plant growth promotion and induced resistance. Such beneficial belowground microbes interact in a bidirectional way via the plant with aboveground insects such as ...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Pineda A,Zheng SJ,van Loon JJ,Pieterse CM,Dicke M

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation in floral shape is of major interest to evolutionary and pollination biologists, plant systematists and developmental geneticists. Quantifying this variation has been difficult due to the three-dimensional (3D) complexity of angiosperm flowers. By combining 3D geometric representations of flowers obtained by...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： van der Niet T,Zollikofer CP,León MS,Johnson SD,Linder HP

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More than half of the flowering plants have a sophisticated mechanism for self-pollen rejection, named self-incompatibility (SI). In Brassicaceae, recognition specificity is achieved by the interaction of the stigmatic S-RECEPTOR KINASE (SRK) and its ligand S-LOCUS CYSTEINE-RICH PROTEIN (SCR). Recent years have seen s...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Ivanov R,Fobis-Loisy I,Gaude T

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Photorespiratory metabolism allows plants to thrive in a high-oxygen containing environment. This metabolic pathway recycles phosphoglycolate, a toxic compound, back to phosphoglycerate, when oxygen substitutes for carbon dioxide in the first reaction of photosynthetic carbon fixation. The recovery of phosphoglycerate...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Bauwe H,Hagemann M,Fernie AR

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carotenoids are a diverse group of colourful pigments naturally found in plants, algae, fungi and bacteria. They play essential roles in development, photosynthesis, root-mycorrhizal interactions and the production of phytohormones, such as abscisic acid and strigolactone. Carotenoid biosynthesis is regulated througho...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Cazzonelli CI,Pogson BJ

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The multiple independent origins of plant parasitism suggest that numerous ancestral plant lineages possessed the developmental flexibility to meet the requirements of a parasitic life style, including such adaptations as the ability to recognize host plants, form an invasive haustorium, and regulate the transfer of n...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Westwood JH,Yoder JI,Timko MP,dePamphilis CW

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand how DNA sequence is translated to phenotype we must understand the epigenetic features that regulate gene expression. Recent research illuminates the complex interactions between DNA methylation, small RNAs, silencing of transposable elements, and genomic imprinting in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thalia...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Mosher RA,Melnyk CW

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction cascades are known regulators of various aspects of plant biology, our knowledge of these systems has been largely restricted to a small subset of the MAPKs. However, global analyses are now revealing that many more of these kinases are probably enga...

journal_title：Trends in plant science

authors： Andreasson E,Ellis B

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00